雕塑的类型之一。又称浅雕、凸雕。是在具有背景性质的实体平面上、雕出凸起的立体形象的雕刻艺术。因其依托于其他实体(如纪念碑、建筑物用具器物等),因此不能让人环绕四周进行全方位观赏,而只有一个观赏面。依照雕塑主体形象凸出厚度的不同,浮雕可分为高浮雕、低浮雕、薄浮雕3种,而镂空底板的高浮雕称为透雕。一些运用压缩、归纳、平处理的浮雕,又可分为单层次浮雕及多层次浮雕等形式和类别。因浮雕介于绘画与圆雕之间,既能发挥历史纪念性,又能起到装饰作用,加上占居空间少,因此应用范围比较广泛。中国原始社会器物上的线刻装饰、商周至战国的玉雕及青铜器上的立体图案与装饰造型、佛教石窟中的壁龛雕饰、唐代昭陵六定网站建设 伺服液位仪 防撞墙模具 唐山护栏 遮阳网 风电基础模具骏、现代天安门广场人民英雄纪念碑浮雕,还有两河流域王宫墙壁上表现战争和狩猎场面的浮雕、古希腊巴特农神庙的装饰浮雕,都是广为人知的高、低型浮雕的实例。而像钱币、奖牌和纪念章之类使用的浮雕装饰,因其凸起的形体几乎和底版接近,则被归人薄浮雕一类。浮雕艺术语言有着自己特殊的表现力,它广泛利用体积变异、线条流动、起位升降、光影处理等造成错觉,从而达到非常巧妙的艺术效果。浮雕壁画、浮雕装饰作为当代公共艺术的一个组成部分,装点出现代城市多彩的文化景观。
One of the types of sculpture. Also known as shallow carving or convex carving. It is the art of carving three-dimensional images that protrude on a solid plane with background properties. Due to its reliance on other entities (such as monuments, building utensils, etc.), it cannot be viewed in all directions around, and only has one viewing surface. According to the different thickness of the main image protrusion of the sculpture, relief can be divided into three types: high relief, low relief, and thin relief, while the high relief of the hollow bottom plate is called open relief. Some reliefs that use compression, induction, and flattening can be divided into forms and categories such as single level reliefs and multi-level reliefs. Due to the fact that relief is between painting and circular sculpture, it can play a role in both historical commemoration and decoration, as well as occupying less living space, so its application range is relatively wide. The line carvings on the artifacts of Primitive Society in China, the jade carvings from the Shang and Zhou Dynasties to the Warring States Period and the three-dimensional patterns and decorative modeling on bronze ware, the niche carvings in Buddhist grottoes, the six steeds in Zhaoling of the Tang Dynasty, the reliefs on the Monument to the People's Heroes in Modern Tiananmen Square, the reliefs on the walls of the royal palaces in the two river basins showing the scenes of war and hunting, and the decorative reliefs on the Parthenon Temple in ancient Greece are all well-known examples of high and low relief carvings. Embossed decorations such as coins, medals, and commemorative medals are classified as thin reliefs due to their raised shapes almost resembling the base plate. The artistic language of relief has its own special expressive force. It widely uses volume variation, line flow, rising and falling, light and shadow processing to create illusion, so as to achieve a very clever artistic effect. Relief murals and relief decorations, as a component of contemporary public art, decorate the colorful cultural landscape of modern cities.