曲阳石雕,河北省曲阳县民间传统美术,国家级非物质文化遗产之一。
Quyang stone carving, a traditional folk art in Quyang County, Hebei Province, is one of the national intangible cultural heritage.
曲阳石雕是河北省曲阳县民间艺术的一项重要组成内容,自西汉始,曲阳石工即用大理石雕刻碑碣等物。曲阳石雕材质有大理石、玉石到木质、象牙、青铜、不锈钢等,其雕刻技艺有圆雕、透雕、镂雕、浮雕等造型门类,技法不一而足。曲阳石雕题材广泛,主要有现代人物雕像、园林雕塑和家庭装饰等。
Quyang stone carving is an important part of folk art in Quyang County, Hebei Province. Since the Western Han Dynasty, Quyang stone workers have carved steles with marble. Quyang stone carving materials include marble, jade to wood, ivory, bronze, stainless steel, etc. its carving techniques include round carving, openwork carving, carving, relief and other modeling categories, with different techniques. Quyang stone carvings have a wide range of subjects, mainly including modern figure statues, garden sculptures and home decoration.
2006年5月20日,曲阳石雕经中华人民共和国国务院批准列入第一批国家级非物质文化遗产名录,遗产编号为Ⅶ-34。
On May 20, 2006, Quyang stone carving was approved by the State Council of the people's Republic of China and included in the first batch of national intangible cultural heritage list, with the heritage number of VII - 34.
2019年11月,《国家级非物质文化遗产代表性项目保护单位名单》公布,曲阳县文化馆(曲阳县图书馆)获得“曲阳石雕”保护单位资格。
In November 2019, the list of national intangible cultural heritage representative project protection units was announced, Quyang County Cultural Center (Quyang County Library) was granted the qualification of "Quyang stone carving" protection unit.
据考证,满城刘胜墓出土的汉白玉男女俑就由曲阳黄山汉白玉雕刻而成,是迄今为止发现年代最为久远的曲阳石雕作品。曲阳王台北村的狗塔,相传是东汉光武帝刘秀为一条义犬而修建的。狗塔共13层,高约50米,由黄山汉白玉和砖瓦精筑而成。塔内一至四层的石壁上刻有浮雕壁画,构图严谨,布局匀称,艺术性较高,代表着当时曲阳石雕艺人的艺术水平。曲阳“狗塔”是中国最早的纪念碑式大型石雕建筑物之一,也是东汉时期石雕艺术成就较高的建筑物。
According to textual research, the white marble figurines unearthed from Liusheng tomb in Mancheng city were carved from white marble in Huangshan, Quyang. They are the oldest stone sculptures in Quyang. It is said that the dog tower in Wangtai North Village of Quyang was built by Liu Xiu, Emperor Guangwu of the Eastern Han Dynasty, for a dog. The dog tower has 13 floors and is about 50 meters high. It is made of white marble and bricks from Huangshan Mountain. The stone walls on the first to fourth floors of the tower are carved with relief murals. The composition is rigorous, the layout is symmetrical, and the artistry is high, which represents the art level of Quyang stone carving artists at that time. Quyang "dog tower" is one of the earliest monumental large stone carving buildings in China, and it is also a building with high achievement in stone carving art in the Eastern Han Dynasty.
魏晋南北朝时期,佛教盛行,全国各地建寺修庙、凿山开窟,规模浩大,盛况空前,曲阳石雕由此得到了飞速发展,这一时期,曲阳石雕艺人们的足迹遍布全国各地,他们充分发挥自己的雕刻才艺,雕刻出众多的佛教造像。唐代,政治、经济、文化空前繁荣,曲阳石雕进入快速发展时期,曲阳由此成为我国北方的雕刻中心。
During the Wei, Jin, southern and Northern Dynasties, Buddhism prevailed. Temples were built and temples were built, and mountains and caves were excavated all over the country. The stone carvings in Quyang developed rapidly. During this period, the stone carving artists in Quyang had their footprints all over the country. They gave full play to their carving skills and carved many Buddhist statues. In the Tang Dynasty, politics, economy and culture flourished unprecedentedly. Quyang stone carving entered a period of rapid development, and Quyang became the sculpture center of northern China.